Bigfoot Gene according to Dr Bryan Sykes

[D J Thornton]

I watched the show Bigfoot Gene on History Channel this week. You might can find it online or on demand. It was interesting. One thing that came out of it was the discovery of an Ancient African Lineage in descendants of a wild woman in Russia. Could that also have come into America leaving traces of Africa genes in Native Americans?

http://www.nbcnews.com/science/weird-sc ... ty-n144986
DNA readings from dozens of hair samples linked to sightings of Bigfoot, Yeti and other legendary monsters show that the hairs came instead from run-of-the-mill animals such as bears and cows — but the researcher behind the project says Bigfoot hunters needn't give up hope just yet.

"I don't think this finishes the Bigfoot myth at all," Oxford geneticist Bryan Sykes told NBC News. "What it does do is show that there is a way for Bigfoot enthusiasts to go back out into the forest and get the real thing."

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Sykes' findings, published in this week's issue of the Proceedings of the Royal Academy B, follow up on a yearlong effort to bring in and analyze samples collected by monster-hunters and fringe-science researchers known as cryptozoologists.

One of his key findings was revealed last year, when Sykes reported that two hair samples attributed to the mysterious Himalayan monster known as the Yeti (or "Abominable Snowman") were a genetic match for a 40,000-year-old jawbone from a polar bear that lived in the Norwegian Arctic.

Sykes is writing a book about that case, titled "The Yeti Enigma," and he's organizing an expedition to the Himalayas next year to look for a live specimen of the anomalous bear. "That's the next logical step," he said. "We need a live Yeti

Most regions of the world have their legends of menacing but elusive monsters — hulking, hairy beasts that investigators call "anomalous primates." Sykes received dozens of samples of hair and tissues purportedly linked to such creatures, including the Yeti as well as the Almasty "wild man" from Russia and the orang pendek from Sumatra.

More than half of the 30 samples that underwent DNA analysis were linked to sightings of Bigfoot (aka Sasquatch) in the United States, ranging from Texas and Minnesota to Arizona and Washington state.

Sykes and his team focused on a snippet of mitochondrial DNA code that's passed down from a mother to her progeny. That code was matched to species signatures stored in the GenBank database of DNA sequences.

The Bigfoot samples were matched to black bears, cows, a porcupine, horse, raccoon, sheep, deer, canines (which could have been dogs, coyotes or wolves) and one undetermined human. The Russian samples correlated with bears, horses, cows and a raccoon. Two of the Yeti samples matched up with that long-gone polar bear, and a third was linked to a goatlike animal called a serow. The orang pendek sample was traced to a Malaysian tapir.

21st-Century Monster Hunt

Even though the project provided no evidence for the existence of a legendary monster, Sykes said it proved that scientific methods could be brought to bear on the search for anomalous species. There have been previous claims for the detection of Bigfoot-human hybrid DNA, but those findings were thought to have been the result of contamination and have not been widely accepted.

"It just wasn't science," Sykes told NBC News. "A lot of Bigfoot enthusiasts thought that this was how science worked, [but] it was dreadful."


Oxford geneticist Brian Sykes is planning an expedition to the Himalayas to look for what may be a mysterious breed of bear. NBC News
Loren Coleman, director of the International Cryptozoology Museum in Portland, Maine, said he wasn't disappointed that Sykes failed to confirm Bigfoot. In an email to NBC News, Coleman said Sykes' method was "the correct way to do cryptozoology science."

"Gone are the Victorian days of stomping about jungles and forests to shoot animals to prove they exist," Coleman said. "We can do verifications through testing for the DNA in hair, fecal and other physical samples found in conjunction with sightings of and encounters with possible new animals. Follow-ups then can be made in the field to obtain photographic evidence and further blood samples from living animals."

Norman MacLeod, a paleontologist at London's Natural History Museum, struck a similar tone in a commentary published by the Proceedings of the Royal Society B — and in an email sent to NBC News.

"Science is not biased against the identification of cryptid species," MacLeod said. "It simply suspends judgment until unambiguous positive evidence is produced."

For his part, Sykes said he hoped Coleman and other cryptozoologists would be taken more seriously. "They have been, I think, quite badly treated by scientists over the past 50 years," he said.

Sykes took it as an honor that he was named Cryptozoologist of the Year as well as Bigfooter of the Year for 2013, thanks to his Yeti report. "The next step is the Nobel Prize," he joked.

In addition to Sykes, the authors of "Genetic Analysis of Hair Samples Attributed to Yeti, Bigfoot and Other Anomalous Primates" include Rhettman Mullis, Christophe Hagenmuller, Terry Melton and Michel Sartori.