Haplotype H1a1c

[D J Thornton]

I had a recent mtdna test HVR1 and HVR2 .The search comparison for genetic matches was interesting to me because it turns up an unexpected region. H is very prevalent in Europe. H is haplotype of Marie Antoinette and Queen Victoria, one is French and one is German (Schleswig-Holstein)
In Mitosearch HVR1 top 3 matches were Germany, England UK and Poland tied for third. For HVR2 coding region Kazakhstan is surprisingly by far the top of .7% with Germany, England etc .1%. What is interesting about that is
Kazakhstan Is the place Ancient people bred Horses, migrated with their herds of sheep and cattle also. Interesting they trained Eagles to hunt with them

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhs
In every sample of Kazakhs, D (predominantly northern East Asian, such as Japanese, Okinawan, Korean, Manchu, Mongol, Han Chinese, Tibetan, etc., but also having several branches among indigenous peoples of the Americas) is the most frequently observed haplogroup (with nearly all of those Kazakhs belonging to the D4 subclade), and the second-most frequent haplogroup is either H (predominantly European) or C (predominantly indigenous Siberian, though some branches are present in the Americas, East Asia, and northern and eastern Europe).[75]

Maternal lineages
Genomic research confirmed that Kazakhs originated from the admixture of several tribes.[61][62][63][64] Kazakhs have predominantly East Eurasian ancestry, and harbor two East Asian-derived components: one dominant component commonly found among Northeastern Asian populations (associated with the Northeast Asian "Devil's Gate_N" sample from the Amur region), and another minor component associated with historical Yellow River farmers, peaking among northern Han Chinese. According to one study,

A study on allele frequency and genetic polymorphism by Katsuyama et al., found that Kazakhs cluster together with Japanese people, Hui people, Han Chinese, and Uyghurs in contrast to West Eurasian reference groups.[70

Throughout history, Kazakhstan has been home to many nomadic societies of the Eurasian Steppe, including the Sakas (Scythian-related), the Xiongnu, the Western Turkic Khaganate, the Kimek–Kipchak Confederation, the Mongol Empire, the Golden Horde and the Kazakh Khanate, which was established in 1465.[39]
The exact place of origins of the Turkic peoples has been a topic of much discussion. Early Medieval Turkic peoples who migrated into Central Asia displayed genetic affinities with Ancient Northeast Asians, deriving around 62% of their ancestry from a gene pool maximized among Neolithic hunter-gatherers in the Amur region. There is also evidence for contact with Iranian, Uralic and Yeniseian peoples.[40][41][42] The Kazakhs emerged as an ethno-linguistic group during the early 15th century from a confederation of several, mostly Turkic-speaking pastoral nomadic groups of Northern Central Asia. The Kazakhs are the most northerly of the Central Asian peoples, inhabiting a large expanse of territory in northern Central Asia and southern Siberia known as the Kazakh Steppe. The tribal groups formed a powerful confederation that grew wealthy on the trade passing through the steppe lands along the fabled Silk Road.[43]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhs
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Kazakh
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

The Kazakhs were traditionally pastoral nomads, dwelling year-round in portable dome-shaped tents (called gers, or yurts) constructed of dismountable wooden frames covered with felt. The Kazakhs migrated seasonally to find pasturage for their livestock, including horses, sheep, goats, cattle, and a few camels. The diet consisted largely of milk products supplemented by mutton. Fermented mare’s milk (koumiss) and horse flesh were highly esteemed but usually available only to the prosperous. Felt made the tent snug inside and out and was used for cloaks. Hides provided clothing, containers, and thongs; horsehair was braided into rope, while horn was used for ladles and other utensils.

[D J Thornton]

HVR1 AND HVR2 MATCHES O Country Match Total Country Total Percentage
England 15339 0.1%
Germany 10 14184 0.1%
Ireland 1 11997. < 0.1 %
Kazakhstan 1 112 0.9%
Kyrgyzstan 1 10 N/A
Netherlands 2 1722 0.1%
Norway 4 4208 0.1%
Poland 7 5389 0.1%
Prussia-West Prussia(1)
Russian Federation23445 0.1%
Scotland 2 5655 < 0.1%
Ukraine 2 2365 0.1%
United Kingdom 1 5549 < 0.1 %
United States 3 19380 < 0.1%

Note on my atDNA test I had match to
Norway and Scandinavia to Saami, reindeer herders , indigenous European, and North African Moor, Saami dna has been found in Yuchi, Georgia USA indigenous. Minor percentages but present and measurable all the same. That’s where I look for oral history tracing.